Choose your season and category, enter your last frost or first frost date (or any custom planning date), select your growing method, and get a personalized extended planting schedule!

Outdoor: Standard frost-based timing.
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Last Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start Seeds Indoors (From–To) Safe Transplant Timing (Relative to Last Frost) Transplant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Vegetables
Artichoke8–1270–80120–150Sunflowers, tarragonon frost-free date
Asparagus (crowns)*——2–3 yearsTomatoes, parsley2 weeks before
Beans (bush/pole)*—60–8550–70Every 2–3 weeksCorn, squash, cucumbers1 to 2 weeks after
Beets*5–650–8550–70Every 3 weeksLettuce, onions2 weeks before
Bok Choy4–650–8045–60Every 2 weeksBeans, celery4 weeks before
Broccoli4–665–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions, potatoes2 weeks before
Brussels Sprouts4–665–7590–120Sage, dill2 weeks before
Cabbage4–665–7560–90Every 3 weeksDill, celery, onions4 weeks before
Carrots*—50–8560–80Every 3 weeksOnions, leeks, rosemary2 to 3 weeks before
Cauliflower4–665–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions2 weeks before
Celery & Celeriac10–1270–7590–120Beans, cabbage1 week after
Chard (Rainbow)5–650–8550–65Every 3 weeksOnions, beans, nasturtium—2 weeks before——
Chicory (Radicchio)4–660–7560–85Every 3 weeksCarrots, onions—2–4 weeks before——
Collards4–650–8060–85Every 3 weeksTomatoes, onions4 weeks before
Corn*—60–9560–90Every 2 weeksBeans, squash, cucumbers1 to 2 weeks after
Cucumber3–470–9050–70Every 2 weeksBeans, corn, radishes1 to 2 weeks after
Daikon Radish—50–8550–70Every 3 weeksCucumbers, peas, lettuce—3–5 weeks before——
Eggplant8–1075–9060–80Beans, peppers2 to 3 weeks after
Endive4–660–7550–70Every 3 weeksCarrots, radishes2 weeks before
Escarole4–660–7560–80Every 3 weeksCarrots, radishes2 weeks before
Fava Beans—45–7575–90—Potatoes, spinach, dill—4–6 weeks before——
Fennel6–860–7580–100Dill, cilantroon frost-free date
Green Onions (Scallions)—50–8550–70Every 3 weeksCarrots, lettuce, beets—3–4 weeks before——
Kale4–650–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, onions4 weeks before
Kohlrabi*4–650–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, celery4 weeks before
Leeks8–1060–75100–130Carrots, celery2 weeks before
Lettuce4–550–7545–70Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, onions3 to 4 weeks before
Lima Beans—65–8565–80Every 3 weeksCorn, cucumbers—1 to 2 weeks after——
Okra*4–675–9550–70Every 2 weeksPeppers, sweet potatoes2 to 4 weeks after
Onions8–1060–7590–120Carrots, lettuce, tomatoes4 weeks before
Parsnips*—50–75100–120Peas, radishes2 to 4 weeks before
Peas*—40–7555–75Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, turnips4 to 6 weeks before
Peppers8–1075–9060–90Basil, onions, tomatoes2 weeks after
Potatoes*——70–100Every 3 weeksBeans, corn, cabbage4 weeks before
Pumpkins3–475–9590–120Corn, beans2 weeks after
Radishes*—50–8525–40Every 1–2 weeksLettuce, peas, carrots4 to 6 weeks before
Rutabaga*4–650–8580–100Peas, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Shallots (sets)—50–7590–120—Carrots, beets, lettuce—4 weeks before——
Spinach4–650–7540–60Every 2 weeksStrawberries, peas3 to 6 weeks before
Summer Squash3–470–9545–60Every 2 weeksCorn, beans, nasturtium—2 weeks after——
Swiss Chard5–650–8550–70Every 3 weeksOnions, beans2 weeks before
Sweet Potatoes (slips)*—75–9590–120Okra, peppers3 to 4 weeks after
Tomatillos6–870–8570–90—Basil, tomatoes, marigolds—1 to 2 weeks after——
Tomatoes6–870–8560–90Basil, marigolds, carrots1 to 2 weeks after
Turnips*—50–8540–60Every 3 weeksPeas, beans4 to 6 weeks before
Winter Squash3–470–9590–120—Corn, beans—2 weeks after——
Zucchini3–470–9545–60Every 2 weeksCorn, beans, nasturtium—2 weeks after——
Fruits
Cantaloupe3–475–9575–100Corn, nasturtium, radishes2 weeks after
Honeydew3–475–9580–105Corn, nasturtium, radishes2 weeks after
Watermelon3–475–9570–100Corn, nasturtium, radishes2 weeks after
Strawberries (from seed)10–1260–75120+ (first fruit year 1)Renew runnersBorage, spinach, beans4 weeks before
Herbs
Anise6–860–7590–120—Cilantro, coriander—on frost-free date——
Basil6–870–8560–80Every 3 weeksTomatoes, peppers1 week after
Borage4–665–7560–80Tomatoes, squashon frost-free date
Catnip6–865–75PerennialRoses, beetson frost-free date
Caraway6–860–70120–150—Peas, radishes—3–5 weeks before——
Chamomile4–665–7560–90Cabbage, onions1 week after
Chervil4–660–7050–70Every 3 weeksRadishes, lettuce2 weeks before
Chives8–1060–7560–80Carrots, tomatoeson frost-free date
Cilantro/Coriander*4–655–7545–70Every 2–3 weeksSpinach, aniseon frost-free date
Dill4–660–7560–80Every 3 weeksCabbage, cucumbers2 weeks before
Epazote6–870–8560–80—Beans, corn—1–2 weeks after——
Fennel6–860–7580–100Dill, cilantroon frost-free date
Hyssop8–1065–75Perennial—Cabbage, grapes—on frost-free date——
Lavender10–1265–75PerennialRosemary, thymeon frost-free date
Lemon Balm6–865–75PerennialFruit trees, tomatoeson frost-free date
Lovage8–1060–70PerennialBeans, potatoeson frost-free date
Marjoram (Sweet)6–865–7560–70—Tomatoes, peppers, basil—1 week after——
Mint6–865–75PerennialCabbage, tomatoeson frost-free date
Oregano6–865–75PerennialBasil, pepperson frost-free date
Parsley8–1060–7570–90Every 3 weeksTomatoes, asparagus2 to 3 weeks before
Rosemary8–1070–80PerennialSage, beans1 week after
Sage6–865–75PerennialRosemary, cabbageon frost-free date
Salad Burnet6–860–75Perennial—Cucumbers, lettuce—3–4 weeks before——
Sorrel (French / Garden)—50–7550–70Every 4 weeksStrawberries, cabbage—4 weeks before——
Summer Savory4–665–7560–70Beans, onions1 week after
Tarragon8–1065–75PerennialEggplant, artichokeon frost-free date
Thyme8–1065–75PerennialCabbage, tomatoeson frost-free date
Flowers
Ageratum6–870–8060–80Salvia, zinniason frost-free date
Amaranth6–870–8570–90Marigolds1 week after
Alyssum*4–665–7550–70Every 3 weeksVegetables (pest control)1 to 2 weeks before
Aster6–865–7590–120Zinnias, cosmoson frost-free date
Begonia10–1270–8090–120Impatiens, coleus1 to 2 weeks after
Celosia6–870–8070–90Marigolds1 week after
Cosmos*4–670–8070–90Marigolds, zinniason frost-free date
Dahlia4–670–8090–120Cannas, salvia1 week after
Delphinium10–1265–75120–150Larkspur, salviaon frost-free date
Dianthus8–1065–7590–120Salvia, petuniason frost-free date
Geranium (Pelargonium)10–1270–8090–120Petunias, salviaon frost-free date
Lobelia8–1070–7570–90Alyssum, petuniason frost-free date
Marigold4–670–8050–70Every 3 weeksTomatoes, peppers1 week after
Nasturtium*3–465–7550–70Every 3 weeksCucumbers, squash—1 week after
Petunia10–1270–8070–90Salvia, geraniumson frost-free date
Salvia6–870–8070–90Petunias, marigoldson frost-free date
Snap Peas—45–7550–65Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes—4 to 6 weeks before——
Statice8–1070–75100–120Marigolds, zinniason frost-free date
Sunflower*2–470–8570–100Corn, cucumberson frost-free date
Sweet Pea*4–655–6560–80Every 2 weeksRadishes, lettuce4 to 6 weeks before
Verbena8–1070–8070–90Zinnias, marigolds1 week after
Zinnia*4–670–8560–80Every 3 weeksMarigolds, cosmos1 week after
Snapdragon8–1065–7590–120Roses, salviaon frost-free date
Pansy/Viola10–1260–7050–70Every 3 weeksSpring bulbs4 weeks before
Coleus8–1070–8560–80Impatiens1 week after
Impatiens8–1070–8060–80Coleus, begonias1 week after
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Last Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start Seeds Indoors (From–To) Safe Transplant Timing (Relative to Last Frost) Transplant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Vegetables
Artichoke8–1270–80120–150Sunflowers, tarragonon frost-free date
Arugula*—45–7530–50Every 2 weeksBeets, carrots, lettuce—on frost-free date——
Asparagus (crowns)*——2–3 yearsTomatoes, parsley2 weeks before
Beans (bush/pole)*—60–8550–70Every 2–3 weeksCorn, squash, cucumbers1 to 2 weeks after
Beets*5–650–8550–70Every 3 weeksLettuce, onions2 weeks before
Bok Choy4–650–8045–60Every 2 weeksBeans, celery4 weeks before
Broccoli4–665–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions, potatoes2 weeks before
Brussels Sprouts4–665–7590–120Sage, dill2 weeks before
Cabbage4–665–7560–90Every 3 weeksDill, celery, onions4 weeks before
Carrots*—50–8560–80Every 3 weeksOnions, leeks, rosemary2 to 3 weeks before
Cauliflower4–665–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions2 weeks before
Celery & Celeriac10–1270–7590–120Beans, cabbage1 week after
Chard (Rainbow)5–650–8550–65Every 3 weeksOnions, beans, nasturtium—2 weeks before——
Chicory (Radicchio)4–660–7560–85Every 3 weeksCarrots, onions—2–4 weeks before——
Collards4–650–8060–85Every 3 weeksTomatoes, onions4 weeks before
Corn*—60–9560–90Every 2 weeksBeans, squash, cucumbers1 to 2 weeks after
Cucumber3–470–9050–70Every 2 weeksBeans, corn, radishes1 to 2 weeks after
Daikon Radish—50–8550–70Every 3 weeksCucumbers, peas, lettuce—3–5 weeks before——
Eggplant8–1075–9060–80Beans, peppers2 to 3 weeks after
Endive4–660–7550–70Every 3 weeksCarrots, radishes2 weeks before
Fava Beans—45–7575–90—Potatoes, spinach, dill—4–6 weeks before——
Fennel6–860–7580–100Dill, cilantroon frost-free date
Green Onions (Scallions)—50–8550–70Every 3 weeksCarrots, lettuce, beets—3–4 weeks before——
Kale4–650–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, onions4 weeks before
Kohlrabi*4–650–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, celery4 weeks before
Leeks8–1060–75100–130Carrots, celery2 weeks before
Lettuce4–550–7545–70Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, onions3 to 4 weeks before
Lima Beans—65–8565–80Every 3 weeksCorn, cucumbers—1 to 2 weeks after——
Mâche (Corn Salad)*—50–7045–60Every 2 weeksRadishes, onions—4 to 6 weeks before——
Mustard Greens*—50–8030–50Every 2 weeksBeets, dill—4 to 6 weeks before——
Okra*4–675–9550–70Every 2 weeksPeppers, sweet potatoes2 to 4 weeks after
Onions8–1060–7590–120Carrots, lettuce, tomatoes4 weeks before
Peas*—40–7555–75Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, turnips4 to 6 weeks before
Peppers8–1075–9060–90Basil, onions, tomatoes2 weeks after
Potatoes*——70–100Every 3 weeksBeans, corn, cabbage4 weeks before
Pumpkins3–475–9590–120Corn, beans2 weeks after
Radishes*—50–8525–40Every 1–2 weeksLettuce, peas, carrots4 to 6 weeks before
Rutabaga*4–650–8580–100—Peas, onions—6 to 8 weeks before——
Shallots (sets)—50–7590–120—Carrots, beets, lettuce—4 weeks before——
Snap Peas—45–7550–65Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes—4 to 6 weeks before——
Spinach4–650–7540–60Every 2 weeksStrawberries, peas3 to 6 weeks before
Summer Squash3–470–9545–60Every 2 weeksCorn, beans, nasturtium—2 weeks after——
Swiss Chard5–650–8550–70Every 3 weeksOnions, beans2 weeks before
Tomatillos6–870–8570–90—Basil, tomatoes, marigolds—1 to 2 weeks after——
Tomatoes6–870–8560–90Basil, marigolds, carrots1 to 2 weeks after
Winter Squash3–470–9590–120—Corn, beans—2 weeks after——
Zucchini3–470–9545–60Every 2 weeksCorn, beans, nasturtium—2 weeks after——
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Last Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start Seeds Indoors (From–To) Safe Transplant Timing (Relative to Last Frost) Transplant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Fruits
Cantaloupe3–475–9575–100Corn, nasturtium, radishes2 weeks after
Honeydew3–475–9580–105Corn, nasturtium, radishes2 weeks after
Watermelon3–475–9570–100Corn, nasturtium, radishes2 weeks after
Strawberries (from seed)10–1260–75120+ (first fruit year 1)Renew runnersBorage, spinach, beans4 weeks before
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Last Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start Seeds Indoors (From–To) Safe Transplant Timing (Relative to Last Frost) Transplant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Herbs
Anise6–860–7590–120—Cilantro, coriander—on frost-free date——
Basil6–870–8560–80Every 3 weeksTomatoes, peppers1 week after
Borage4–665–7560–80Tomatoes, squashon frost-free date
Caraway6–860–70120–150—Peas, radishes—3–5 weeks before——
Chamomile4–665–7560–90Cabbage, onions1 week after
Chervil4–660–7050–70Every 3 weeksRadishes, lettuce2 weeks before
Chives8–1060–7560–80Carrots, tomatoeson frost-free date
Cilantro/Coriander*4–655–7545–70Every 2–3 weeksSpinach, aniseon frost-free date
Dill4–660–7560–80Every 3 weeksCabbage, cucumbers2 weeks before
Epazote6–870–8560–80—Beans, corn—1–2 weeks after——
Fennel6–860–7580–100Dill, cilantroon frost-free date
Hyssop8–1065–75Perennial—Cabbage, grapes—on frost-free date——
Lovage8–1060–70Perennial—Beans, potatoes—on frost-free date——
Lavender10–1265–75PerennialRosemary, thymeon frost-free date
Lemon Balm6–865–75PerennialFruit trees, tomatoeson frost-free date
Marjoram (Sweet)6–865–7560–70—Tomatoes, peppers, basil—1 week after——
Mint6–865–75PerennialCabbage, tomatoeson frost-free date
Oregano6–865–75PerennialBasil, pepperson frost-free date
Parsley8–1060–7570–90Every 3 weeksTomatoes, asparagus2 to 3 weeks before
Rosemary8–1070–80PerennialSage, beans1 week after
Sage6–865–75PerennialRosemary, cabbageon frost-free date
Salad Burnet6–860–75Perennial—Cucumbers, lettuce—3–4 weeks before——
Sorrel (French / Garden)—50–7550–70Every 4 weeksStrawberries, cabbage—4 weeks before——
Summer Savory4–665–7560–70—Beans, onions—1 week after——
Tarragon8–1065–75PerennialEggplant, artichokeon frost-free date
Thyme8–1065–75PerennialCabbage, tomatoeson frost-free date
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Last Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start Seeds Indoors (From–To) Safe Transplant Timing (Relative to Last Frost) Transplant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Flowers
Ageratum6–870–8060–80Salvia, zinniason frost-free date
Amaranth6–870–8570–90Marigolds1 week after
Alyssum*4–665–7550–70Every 3 weeksVegetables (pest control)1 to 2 weeks before
Aster6–865–7590–120Zinnias, cosmoson frost-free date
Calendula*6–865–7560–80Every 3 weeksVegetables (pest control)—6 to 8 weeks before——
Celosia6–870–8070–90Marigolds1 week after
Cosmos*4–670–8070–90Marigolds, zinniason frost-free date
Dahlia4–670–8090–120Cannas, salvia1 week after
Marigold4–670–8050–70Every 3 weeksTomatoes, peppers1 week after
Nasturtium*3–465–7550–70Every 3 weeksCucumbers, squash1 week after
Petunia10–1270–8070–90Salvia, geraniumson frost-free date
Salvia6–870–8070–90Petunias, marigoldson frost-free date
Sunflower*2–470–8570–100Corn, cucumberson frost-free date
Zinnia*4–670–8560–80Every 3 weeksMarigolds, cosmos1 week after
Snapdragon8–1065–7590–120Roses, salviaon frost-free date
Pansy/Viola10–1260–7050–70Every 3 weeksSpring bulbs4 weeks before
Coleus8–1070–8560–80Impatiens1 week after
Impatiens8–1070–8060–80Coleus, begonias1 week after
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start/Direct Sow (From–To) Safe Planting Timing (Relative to First Frost) Plant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Vegetables
Arugula*3–450–7530–50Every 2 weeksBeets, carrots3 to 4 weeks before
Beets*6–850–8550–70Every 3 weeksLettuce, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Bok Choy*4–650–8045–60Every 2 weeksBeans, celery4 to 6 weeks before
Broccoli (transplant)10–1265–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions, potatoes6 to 8 weeks before
Brussels Sprouts (transplant)12–1465–7590–120Sage, dill10 to 12 weeks before
Cabbage (transplant)8–1065–7560–90Every 3 weeksDill, celery, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Carrots*8–1050–8560–80Every 3 weeksOnions, leeks, rosemary8 to 10 weeks before
Cauliflower (transplant)10–1265–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Claytonia (Miner's Lettuce)—45–7040–60Every 2–3 weeksRadishes, carrots—4–6 weeks before——
Collards*6–850–8060–85Every 3 weeksTomatoes, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Endive*4–660–7550–70Every 3 weeksCarrots, radishes4 to 6 weeks before
Garlic (cloves)*——240–270Strawberries, tomatoes4 to 6 weeks before
Kale*6–850–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Kohlrabi*6–850–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, celery6 to 8 weeks before
Komatsuna4–650–8035–50Every 2–3 weeksPeas, onions, lettuce—4–6 weeks before——
Lettuce*4–850–7545–70Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, onions4 to 8 weeks before
Mâche (Corn Salad)*4–650–7045–60Every 2 weeksRadishes, onions4 to 6 weeks before
Mizuna3–550–7535–50Every 2–3 weeksLettuce, radishes—4 to 6 weeks before——
Mustard Greens*4–650–8030–50Every 2 weeksBeets, dill4 to 6 weeks before
Peas*6–840–7555–75Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, turnips6 to 8 weeks before
Pac Choi / Bok Choy (baby)4–650–8035–50Every 2 weeksBeans, celery, onions—4–6 weeks before——
Parsnips—50–75100–130—Peas, radishes, onions—8–10 weeks before——
Radicchio4–660–7560–85Every 3 weeksCarrots, onions, beets—6–8 weeks before——
Radishes*3–550–8525–40Every 1–2 weeksLettuce, peas, carrots3 to 5 weeks before
Spinach*4–650–7540–60Every 2 weeksStrawberries, peas4 to 6 weeks before
Swiss Chard*6–850–8550–70Every 3 weeksOnions, beans6 to 8 weeks before
Tatsoi4–650–7540–55Every 2–3 weeksPeas, onions—4 to 6 weeks before——
Turnips*6–850–8540–60Every 3 weeksPeas, beans6 to 8 weeks before
Watercress—45–7040–60Every 2–3 weeksLettuce, radishes—4–6 weeks before——
Herbs
Anise6–860–7590–120—Cilantro, coriander—on frost-free date——
Caraway6–860–70120–150—Peas, radishes—3–5 weeks before——
Catnip6–865–75Perennial—Roses, beets—6 to 8 weeks before——
Chervil4–655–7050–70Every 3 weeksRadishes, lettuce—4–6 weeks before——
Chives8–1060–7560–80Carrots, tomatoes6 to 8 weeks before
Cilantro*4–655–7545–70Every 2–3 weeksSpinach, anise4 to 6 weeks before
Coriander (for leaf – slow-bolt types)4–650–7540–60Every 2–3 weeksSpinach, anise—4–6 weeks before——
Dill*4–660–7560–80Every 3 weeksCabbage, cucumbers4 to 6 weeks before
Epazote6–870–8560–80—Beans, corn—1–2 weeks after——
Fennel (for leaf / bulb – small types)6–860–7580–100—Dill, cilantro—6–8 weeks before——
Hyssop8–1065–75Perennial—Cabbage, grapes—on frost-free date——
Marjoram (Sweet)6–865–7560–70—Tomatoes, peppers, basil—1 week after——
Lemon Balm6–865–75Perennial—Fruit trees, tomatoes—6 to 8 weeks before——
Lovage8–1060–70Perennial—Beans, potatoes—6 to 8 weeks before——
Parsley8–1060–7570–90Every 3 weeksTomatoes, asparagus6 to 8 weeks before
Salad Burnet6–860–75Perennial—Cucumbers, lettuce—3–4 weeks before——
Sorrel (French / Garden)—50–7550–70Every 4 weeksStrawberries, cabbage—4 weeks before——
Winter Savory8–1065–75Perennial—Beans, onions—on frost-free date or 6–8 weeks before fall——
Cool-Season Flowers
Calendula*6–865–7560–80Every 3 weeksVegetables (pest control)6 to 8 weeks before
Pansies/Violas10–1260–7050–70Every 3 weeksSpring bulbs8 to 10 weeks before
Snapdragons8–1065–7590–120Roses, salvia6 to 8 weeks before
Sweet Peas*6–855–6570–90Every 3 weeksLettuce, radishes6 to 8 weeks before
Stock6–865–7570–90Snapdragons6 to 8 weeks before
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start/Direct Sow (From–To) Safe Planting Timing (Relative to First Frost) Plant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Vegetables
Arugula*3–450–7530–50Every 2 weeksBeets, carrots3 to 4 weeks before
Beets*6–850–8550–70Every 3 weeksLettuce, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Bok Choy*4–650–8045–60Every 2 weeksBeans, celery4 to 6 weeks before
Broccoli (transplant)10–1265–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions, potatoes6 to 8 weeks before
Brussels Sprouts (transplant)12–1465–7590–120Sage, dill10 to 12 weeks before
Cabbage (transplant)8–1065–7560–90Every 3 weeksDill, celery, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Carrots*8–1050–8560–80Every 3 weeksOnions, leeks, rosemary8 to 10 weeks before
Cauliflower (transplant)10–1265–7560–80Every 3 weeksCelery, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Claytonia (Miner's Lettuce)—45–7040–60Every 2–3 weeksRadishes, carrots—4–6 weeks before——
Collards*6–850–8060–85Every 3 weeksTomatoes, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Endive*4–660–7550–70Every 3 weeksCarrots, radishes4 to 6 weeks before
Garlic (cloves)*——240–270Strawberries, tomatoes4 to 6 weeks before
Kale*6–850–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, onions6 to 8 weeks before
Kohlrabi*6–850–8050–70Every 3 weeksBeets, celery6 to 8 weeks before
Komatsuna4–650–8035–50Every 2–3 weeksPeas, onions, lettuce—4–6 weeks before——
Lettuce*4–850–7545–70Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, onions4 to 8 weeks before
Mâche (Corn Salad)*4–650–7045–60Every 2 weeksRadishes, onions4 to 6 weeks before
Mizuna3–550–7535–50Every 2–3 weeksLettuce, radishes—4 to 6 weeks before——
Mustard Greens*4–650–8030–50Every 2 weeksBeets, dill4 to 6 weeks before
Peas*6–840–7555–75Every 2 weeksCarrots, radishes, turnips6 to 8 weeks before
Pac Choi / Bok Choy (baby)4–650–8035–50Every 2 weeksBeans, celery, onions—4–6 weeks before——
Parsnips—50–75100–130—Peas, radishes, onions—8–10 weeks before——
Radicchio4–660–7560–85Every 3 weeksCarrots, onions, beets—6–8 weeks before——
Radishes*3–550–8525–40Every 1–2 weeksLettuce, peas, carrots3 to 5 weeks before
Rutabaga*6–850–8580–100—Peas, onions—6 to 8 weeks before——
Spinach*4–650–7540–60Every 2 weeksStrawberries, peas4 to 6 weeks before
Swiss Chard*6–850–8550–70Every 3 weeksOnions, beans6 to 8 weeks before
Tatsoi4–650–7540–55Every 2–3 weeksPeas, onions—4 to 6 weeks before——
Turnips*6–850–8540–60Every 3 weeksPeas, beans6 to 8 weeks before
Watercress—45–7040–60Every 2–3 weeksLettuce, radishes—4–6 weeks before——
Seedlings Weeks to Start Before Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start/Direct Sow (From–To) Safe Planting Timing (Relative to First Frost) Plant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Herbs
Anise6–860–7590–120—Cilantro, coriander—on frost-free date——
Caraway6–860–70120–150—Peas, radishes—3–5 weeks before——
Catnip6–865–75Perennial—Roses, beets—6 to 8 weeks before——
Chervil4–655–7050–70Every 3 weeksRadishes, lettuce—4–6 weeks before——
Chives8–1060–7560–80Carrots, tomatoes6 to 8 weeks before
Cilantro*4–655–7545–70Every 2–3 weeksSpinach, anise4 to 6 weeks before
Coriander (for leaf – slow-bolt types)4–650–7540–60Every 2–3 weeksSpinach, anise—4–6 weeks before——
Dill*4–660–7560–80Every 3 weeksCabbage, cucumbers4 to 6 weeks before
Epazote6–870–8560–80—Beans, corn—1–2 weeks after——
Fennel (for leaf / bulb – small types)6–860–7580–100—Dill, cilantro—6–8 weeks before——
Hyssop8–1065–75Perennial—Cabbage, grapes—on frost-free date——
Marjoram (Sweet)6–865–7560–70—Tomatoes, peppers, basil—1 week after——
Lemon Balm6–865–75Perennial—Fruit trees, tomatoes—6 to 8 weeks before——
Lovage8–1060–70Perennial—Beans, potatoes—6 to 8 weeks before——
Parsley8–1060–7570–90Every 3 weeksTomatoes, asparagus6 to 8 weeks before
Salad Burnet6–860–75Perennial—Cucumbers, lettuce—3–4 weeks before——
Sorrel (French / Garden)—50–7550–70Every 4 weeksStrawberries, cabbage—4 weeks before——
Winter Savory8–1065–75Perennial—Beans, onions—on frost-free date or 6–8 weeks before fall——
Seedlings Weeks to start Before Frost Optimal Soil Temp (°F) Days to Maturity Succession Tips Good Companions Start/Direct Sow (From–To) Safe Planting Timing (Relative to First Frost) Plant Outdoors (From–To) Estimated Harvest
Cool-Season Flowers
Calendula*6–865–7560–80Every 3 weeksVegetables (pest control)6 to 8 weeks before
Pansies/Violas10–1260–7050–70Every 3 weeksSpring bulbs8 to 10 weeks before
Snapdragons8–1065–7590–120Roses, salvia6 to 8 weeks before
Sweet Peas*6–855–6570–90Every 3 weeksLettuce, radishes6 to 8 weeks before
Stock6–865–7570–90Snapdragons6 to 8 weeks before

My Garden Dashboard

Organize your plantings into separate plans • All data saved in your browser

Perpetual Harvest Timeline

Visual timeline of your growing season and harvest flow

Start Indoors
Transplant Out
Harvest
Growing Period
Perpetual Harvest Tips: Crops with "Every X weeks" in succession tips are ideal for staggered planting. Overlapping bars show continuous availability!

Perpetual Planner (Pro)

This feature is available in the paid store version only.

Spacing & Yield Calculator

Plan your garden layout and estimate how many seeds/plants you need + expected harvest

Choose how you prefer to plant — most home gardeners use Intensive style for higher yields in small spaces.

Property / Farm / Garden Layout

Place beds/structures on your property map, then edit each bed’s planting squares.

Property Map

Selected Bed Planting Squares

“Secure backups are protected by a passphrase. If the passphrase is lost, the backup CANNOT be restored!!!” “All data is stored locally on the user’s device. Secure backups are encrypted using industry-standard encryption and can only be restored with the user’s passphrase.” Download a recovery file to keep a backup or move your data to another device.

Help & About

This tool is designed to help you plan indoor seed starting and outdoor transplant timing based on your local frost dates and growing method. It is built for practical use — not perfection.

Calculator Tab

The core of the tool. Use it to:

Dates are estimates based on standard horticultural data adjusted for your method.

My Garden Tab

Your personal dashboard. Features:

All data is saved in your browser (localStorage). Nothing is sent online.

Timeline Tab

Visual timeline of your growing season and harvest flow:

Spacing & Yield Calculator Tab

Practical planning tool:

Yields are averages — real results vary widely.

Privacy Policy: perpetualgenesis.app/privacy

Disclaimer

This calculator provides estimates based on general horticultural data, published spacing guidelines, and average yields. It is not a guarantee of results.

Many factors affect actual timing and success: local microclimate, weather variation, soil quality, seed variety, grower experience, pest/disease pressure, light conditions, watering, fertilization, and more.

Dates can be off by weeks depending on conditions. Always monitor your plants and adjust based on real-world observation. Use this tool as a planning guide, not a rigid schedule.

Perpetual Genesis makes no warranties about accuracy or outcomes. Garden at your own risk — and enjoy the process.

Inventory (Pro)

This feature is available in the paid store version only.